|
|
 |
AGRICULTURE AND IRRIGATION
|
 |
IRRIGATION
Agricultural activities in the district are still dependent on the vagaries of monsoons. The rainfall which is not evenly distributed over the district determines the pattern of crops taken, efficacy of agricultural operations and such other related activities. Irrigation thus occupies an important place in agricultural activities. Irrigation facilities of permanent nature are necessary to reach any measure of stability in the agricultural production.
The main sources of water.supply in the district are wells, bandharas, canals and tanks. Lift irrigation from rivers and wells through the installation of electric pumping sets and oil engines [ Talukawise distribution of oil.engines in Sangli district in 1961.62—Tasgaon 723, Khanapur 227, Walwa 521, Shirala 205, Miraj 677 and Jath 153.] has also benefited agriculture in the district. Most of the villages have either electric pumping sets or oil.engines. Though agriculture is dependent on the monsoon, human efforts have contributed no less in stepping up the agricultural production. Fields are irrigated at frequent intervals. The interval depends upon the season, the type of soil and requirements of crops and varies from eight to fifteen days.
TABLE No. 33.
SOURCES OF WATER.SUPPLY (TALUKA-WISE) IN SANGLI DISTRICT,
1961-62.
Particulars |
Tasgaon |
Khana-pur |
Walwa |
Shirala |
Miraj |
Jath |
(1) |
(2) |
(3) |
(4) |
(5) |
(6) |
(7) | |
Canals— |
|
Numbers |
123 |
310 |
79 |
3 |
8 |
9 |
|
Mileage |
19 |
166½ |
41 |
2 |
22 |
1 | |
Wells used for irrigation only— |
|
Masonry |
2,640 |
140 |
1,002 |
673 |
2,405 |
202 |
|
Non-masonry |
3,360 |
8,957 |
6,198 |
4,988 |
1,655 |
1,131 |
|
Wells used for domestic purposes only. |
560 |
335 |
490 |
110 |
680 |
149 |
|
Wells not in use |
1,403 |
690 |
408 |
100 |
730 |
223 |
Bandhara at Vajrachounde.
The bandhara across Agrani river, about a mile up.stream at Vajrachounde village, is 8.047 km (five miles) to the north.west of village Shirdhon on Miraj.Pandharpur road at mile No. 60/5. It was started in 1952-53 as a scarcity work, and was completed in the year 1954-55. It is a masonry bandhara with a canal length of 12.875 km (8 miles). The bandhara has given much relief to the famine stricken area of this tract.
Irrigation Tank at Rethare.
The irrigation tank at Rethare at mile No. 5 of Peth.Shirala road was started on 2nd October 1958 and was completed in 1961.62. It is an earthen dam 243.840 m (800') long, 2.438 m(8') wide at the top and has 457.2 mm (18") H.P. outlet to serve about 161.874 hectares (400 acres) with 4.20 cusecs discharge at head. The canal is 2,682.240 m (8,800') in length and has 5 outlets to serve the area.
Irrigation Tank at Kuchi.
The Kuchi tank at mile No. 55/6 on Miraj.Pandharpur road is about one mile to the north of the village Kuchi. The work was started in the year 1818 as a scarcity work of the Ex-Sangli State but the same remained incomplete. It was again taken up in 1958. It is an earthen dam 551.688 m (1,810') in length. The canal length is 3.219 km (2 miles) with two distributaries and outlets. The work was completed in the year 1961-62.
Bandhara at Balavadi.
The bandhara across Yerala river near Balavadi village on Vita.Kirloskarwadi road, about 16.093 km. (ten miles) away from Vita is under construction. It is a masonry work. When complete the length of the main canal will be 32.187 km (20 miles) and will have 15 distributaries.
The tank is across Dhabhai Nalla near Atpadi village on Vita. Pandharpur road, about 61.155 km (38 miles) from Vita. This is an earthen dam. The length of its canal is 7.242 km (4½ miles) while that of distributaries is 14.484 km (9 miles).
Atpadi Tank.
The other details of the above.described works are given in the following statement—
TABLE No. 34
STATEMENT OF MAJOR AND MINOR GOVERNMENT IRRIGATION WORKS IN SANGLI DISTRICT. Name of the work | Taluka served | Cost of construction and year of completion | Area commanded (in hectares)* | Area irrigated (in hectares)* | Water rates charged | Crops irrigated | (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) | |
Bandhara at Vajrachounde |
Miraj |
Rs. 7,01,699 completed in the year 1955. |
1,821.087 |
182.109 |
Rs. 61 per acre for Kharif and Rs. 9 per acre for rabi. |
Jowar, groundnuts, chilli. | |
(4,500) |
(450) (average) | |
Irrigation tank at Rethare. |
Walwa |
Rs. 2,32,366 completed in the year 1961.62. |
182.109 |
60.703 |
Do. |
Jowar, rice, wheat, chilli. | |
(450) |
(150) (average). | |
Irrigation tank at Kuchi |
Miraj |
Rs. 4,44,000 |
433.014 |
347.220 |
Do. |
Jowar, wheat, chilli. | |
(1,070) (average) |
(858) (average) | |
Bandhara at Balavadi |
Khanapur |
Rs. 19,37,000 (estimated cost) |
3,541 002 |
-- |
Work under progress. |
-- | |
(8,750) |
-- | |
Atpadi tank |
Khanapur |
Rs. 15,96,000 |
2,266.241 |
-- |
Work under progress. |
-- | |
(5,600) |
-- |
* Figures in brackets show area in acres.
Projects irrigating less than 250 acres have been transferred to the Zilla Parishad. Details of such works are given in the following table: —
TABLE No. 35.
DETAILS OF SMALL BANDHARAS IN SANGLI DISTRICT.
|
Location of the work |
No. of band-haras |
Taluka served |
Date of completion |
Area commanded in hectares* |
|
(1) |
(2) |
(3) |
(4) |
(5) |
The bandharas are located in the areas of the below mentioned villages:— |
|
| |
|
|
(1) |
|
|
|
|
(1) Balgavade, (2) Limb, (3) Ped, (4) Negaon Kavathe, (5) Chinchani, (6) Pundi, (7) Kundal, (8) Visapur, (9) Manjarde, (10) Savlaj, (11) Padali, (12) Waiphale, (13) Bas. tavade, (14) Morale Ped, (15) Palus, (16) Andhali, (17) Chinchani. |
32 |
Tasgaon |
Works have been completed during the period from 1951 to 1962. |
908.925 (2,246) |
|
(2) |
|
|
|
|
(1)
Bhikavadi, (2) Shalgaon, (3) Alsund, (4) Mangrul, (5)
Dhavalesh war, (6) Gardi, (7) Vita, (8)Karanje, (9) Lengare,
(10)Wangi, (11) Mohi, (12) Khanapur, (13) Wasumbe, (14)
Chinchani Wangi, (15) Sonkire, (16) Wadgaon, (17) Tadasar,
(18)Kadegaon. (19) Kotavade,(20) Nerli, (21) Valuj,(22) Asad,
(23) Upale Mayani, (24) Yede, (25) Hingangaon, (26) Salsinge,(27)
Kadepur, (28) Bhendavade, (29) Banbavade. |
45 |
Khanapur |
Do. |
(3,408) |
(3) |
|
|
| |
(1) Miraj, (2) Malgaon,
(3) Gundewadi, (4) Alkud. |
4 |
Miraj |
Do. |
267.093
(660) |
(4) |
|
|
| |
(1) Sordi, (2) Pandarzari, (3) Sank. |
3 |
Jath |
Do. |
207.604
(513) |
(5) |
| |
| |
(1) Peth, (2) Yellur, (3) Itakare. |
3 |
Walwa |
Do. |
111.693
(276) |
*Figures in brackets indicate area in acres.
TABLE No. 35 - contd.
DETAILS OF SMALL BANDHARAS IN SANGLI DISTRICT.
Location of the work |
Area irrigated in hectares * |
Description of each bandhara |
Water rate charged |
Crops irrigated |
(1) |
(6) |
(7) |
(8) |
(9) |
The bandharas are located in the areas of the below mentioned villages:— |
|
| | |
(1) (1) Balgavade, (2) Limb, (3) Ped, (4) Negaon Kavathe, (5) Chinchani, (6) Pundi, (7) Kundal, (8) Visapur, (9) Manjarde, (10) Savlaj, (11) Padali, (12) Waiphale, (13) Bas. tavade, (14) Morale Ped, (15) Palus, (16) Andhali, (17) Chinchani. |
837.700 (2,070) |
All works are small pick.up weirs to divert the nalla flow into the canal, constructed in stone masonry. |
No water charges levied. |
Jowar, groundnut and vegetables. |
(2) (1) Bhikavadi, (2) Shalgaon, (3) Alsund, (4) Mangrul, (5) Dhavalesh war, (6) Gardi, (7) Vita, (8)Karanje, (9) Lengare,
(10) Wangi, (11) Mohi, (12) Khanapur, (13) Wasumbe, (14) Chinchani Wangi, (15) Sonkire, (16) Wad.gaon, (17) Tadasar, (18)Kadegaon. (19) Kotavade,(20) Nerli, (21) Valuj,(22) Asad, (23) Upale
Mayani, (24) Yede, (25) Hingangaon, (26) Salsinge,(27) Kadepur, (28) Bhendavade, (29) Banbavade. |
(2,436) |
Do. |
Do. |
Jowar, groundnut, bajari and vegetables. |
(3) |
| | |
| (1) Miraj, (2) Malgaon,
(3) Gundewadi, (4) Alkud. |
2.023
(5) |
Do. |
Do. |
Jowar, groundnut
and vegetables. | |
(4) |
| | |
| (1) Sordi, (2) Pandarzari, (3) Sank. |
143.663
(355) |
Do. |
Do. |
Jowar.rabi, baiari, groundnut, vegetables. | |
(5) |
|
| | | |
(1) Peth, (2) Yellur, (3) Itakare. |
26.304
(65) |
Do. |
Do. |
Jowar, ground-
nut, vegetables. |
*Figures in brackets indicate area in acres.
Co-operative Lift Irrigation Scheme.
Irrigation is of vital importance to agricultural production. It serves as a break against the vagaries of nature by making good the deficiencies due to scanty and irregular rainfall. The sources of irrigation in the district are rivers, wells, tanks etc. Water is lifted from river, wells, tanks etc. and used for irrigation purpose. Formerly water was lifted by leather mots or iron mots. This system is still prevalent in some parts of the district where it is not possible to install electric pumping sets and where the agriclturists cannot afford to purchase oil.engines. The co.operative lift irrigation societies, therefore, have been formed as an alternative to provide irrigation facilities. These societies enable the farmer members to pool their resources for the purchase of lift irrigation machinery to lift the water from rivers and wells in places where in normal course it cannot be led to the fields by pat or canals. This helps to bring larger area under irrigation, reduce the cost of irrigation per acre, raise more than one crop a year and to make farming more profitable.
The river Krishna, which flows through three talukas of the district, provides the best source for lift irrigation. Lands on both the banks of the river are irrigated under the lift irrigation schemes. At present the total number of such schemes and societies in the district is 16 of which 10 are lift irrigation societies and 6 are lift irrigation schemes. As per the Govern-ment policy, the co.operative sugar factories are encouraged to sponsor co.operative lift irrigation scheme in their areas. In pursuance of this policy the Shetkari Sahakari Sakhar Karkhana Ltd., Sangli, has proposed to undertake 24 lift irrigation schemes commanding an area of 3,025.028 hectares (7,475 acres). The preliminary investigation of the schemes is in progress.
The following table gives the working of the lift irrigation schemes during the three years from 1960.61 to 1962.63.
TABLE No. 36
STATEMENT OF LIFT IRRIGATION SCHEMES IN SANGLI DISTRICT |
Particulars |
1960-61 |
1961-62 |
1962-63 | |
(1) |
(2) |
(3) |
(4) |
Number of schemes |
16 |
16 |
16 |
Number of members |
1,207 |
1,239 |
1,279 |
|
|
Rs. |
Rs. |
Rs. |
Share capital |
2,57,360 |
3,27,085 |
3,77,936 |
Government loan disbursed |
5,62,297 |
7,36,108 |
7,56,301 |
Government subsidy disbursed |
3,85,189 |
3,97,419 |
3,99,657 |
Reserve and other funds |
66,680 |
94,422 |
1,17,141 |
Working capital |
1,59,959 |
17,39,879 |
18,09,574 |
|
|
Hectares* |
Hectares* |
Hactares* |
Irrigable area |
1,774.548 |
1,774.548 |
1,774.548 |
(4,385) |
(4,385) |
(4,385) |
Area irrigated |
369.074 |
509.499 |
554.824 |
(912) |
(1,259) |
(1.371) |
|
|
Rs. |
Rs. |
Rs. |
Capital investment |
10,70,089 |
12,79,720 |
13,63,070 |
*Figures in brackets indicate area in acres.
Ankali Co-operative Life Irrigation Scheme.
The Ankali co.operative lift irrigation society Ltd., Ankali, is at the village Ankali, (4 miles) from Sangli town on Sangli. Kolhapur road. The scheme is located on the left bank of Krishna river. It was organised with a view to increasing agricultural production under the "Grow More Food Campaign" and was registered on 28th February 1950. The society started the construction of the scheme from 1951 and completed it in 1952. The society is self supported and has not taken any loans. It received a subsidy of Rs. 16,520 from the State Government. The society has laid down a total length of 2,011.680 m (6.600 feet) of cement pipe lines costing Rs. 19,310 to avoid percolation of water. Of the total area under its command viz. 50 586 hectares (125 acres), the society has brought 48.967 hectares (121 acres) under irrigation. The following statement shows the progress of the society in 1962.63.
Particulars. |
|
Achievement. |
|
No. of members |
51 |
Area under command |
50.586 Hectares (125 acres) |
Area brought under irrigation |
48.967 Hectares (121 acres) |
Share capital |
Rs. 26,200 |
Reserve and other fund |
Rs. 35,909 |
Government subsidy |
Rs. 16,520 |
Working capital |
Rs. 83,636 |
Total estimated cost of the scheme |
Rs. 39,820 |
Water rates |
Rs. 12 per watering per acre for all crops. |
TABLE No. 37.
TALUKA-WISE NET AREA IRRIGATED BY DIFFERENT SOURCES IN SANGLI DISTRICT, 1961-62.
|
Taluka |
Net area irrigated by
|
Percen-tage of net area irrigated to net area sown |
Area irrigated more than once (in hectares)* |
Total gross area of crops irrigated (in hectares)* |
Percen-tage of total gross irrigated area to total area sown | |
Can as |
Tanks |
Wells |
Other Sources |
Total | |
Govt. |
Private | |
(1) |
(2) |
(3) |
(4) |
(5) |
(6) |
(7) |
(8) |
(9) |
(10) |
(11) |
Tasgaon |
3 |
120 |
-- |
6,000 |
-- |
6,123 |
7 |
747.860 |
7,583.815 |
7 |
(1,848) |
(18,740) |
Khanapur |
3 |
307 |
-- |
9,097 |
-- |
9,407 |
6 |
2,129.862 |
14,341.667 |
6 |
(5,263) |
(35,439) |
Walwa |
1 |
78 |
-- |
7,200 |
2,112 |
9,391 |
7 |
1,288.520 |
10,769.908 |
8 |
(3,184) |
(26,613) |
Shirala.. |
-- |
3 |
-- |
5,661 |
-- |
5,664 |
8 |
2,681.854 |
13,783.200 |
10 |
(6,627) |
(34,059) |
Miraj |
1 |
7 |
-- |
4,060 |
-- |
4,068 |
10 |
505.453 |
7,067.031 |
11 |
(1,249) |
(17,463) |
Jath |
-- |
9 |
-- |
1,333 |
2,942 |
4,284 |
5 |
126.262 |
2,192.589 |
5 |
(312) |
(5,418) |
1 Area in acres.
*Figures in brackets show area in acres.
TABLE No. 38.
AREA OF FOOD CROPS AND NON-FOOD CROPS, IRRIGATED (TALUKA-WISE) IN SANGLI DISTRICT, 1961.62.
(Area in hectares)* |
Taluka |
Food Crops | |
Rice |
Wheat |
Jownr |
Bajri |
Barley |
Maize |
Italian millets |
Gram |
Sugarcane | |
(1) |
(2) |
(3) |
(4) |
(5) |
(6) |
(7) |
(8) |
(9) |
(10) | |
Tasgaon |
365.431 |
989.862 |
1,117.338 |
30.756 |
-- |
38.445 |
153.376 |
248.072 |
1,944.921 |
(903) |
(2,446) |
(2,761) |
(76) |
-- |
(95) |
(379) |
(613) |
(4,806) | |
Khanapur |
340.341 |
2,140.789 |
3,860.704 |
776.188 |
0.405 |
328.200 |
216.507 |
1,089.415 |
960.320 |
(841) |
(5,290) |
(9,540) |
(1,918) |
(1) |
(811) |
(535) |
(2,692) |
(2,373) | |
Walwa |
305.942 |
1,602.152 |
2,356.082 |
221.768 |
-- |
68.797 |
14.973 |
237.550 |
1,878.148 |
(756) |
(3,959) |
(5,822) |
(548) |
-- |
(170) |
(37) |
(587) |
(4,641) | |
Shirala |
416.017 |
1,503.004 |
6,116.424 |
384.856 |
-- |
191.012 |
-- |
118.168 |
464.175 |
(1,028) |
(3,714) |
(15,114) |
(951) |
-- |
(472) |
-- |
(292) |
(1,147) | |
Miraj |
989.457 |
882.215 |
0.405 |
-- |
-- |
62.726 |
-- |
79.123 |
3,724.325 |
(2,445) |
(2,180) |
(1) |
-- |
-- |
(155) |
-- |
(197) |
(9,203) | |
Jath |
-- |
355.314 |
9.308 |
-- |
11.736 |
356.187 |
-- |
6.475 |
1,318062 |
-- |
(878) |
(23) |
-- |
(29) |
(979) |
-- |
(16) |
(3,257) |
Figures in brackets show area in acres.
TABLE No. 38—contd. |
Taluka |
Food Crops—contd. |
Non.Food Crops | |
Chillis |
Turmeric |
Potato |
-- |
Total food crops |
Cotton |
Ground-nut |
Coconut |
Tobacco | |
(1) |
(11) |
(12) |
(13) |
(14) |
(15) |
(16) |
(17) |
(18) |
(19) | |
Tassaon |
978.935 |
1,239.553 |
3.642 |
287.731 |
7,398.065 |
27.923 |
-- |
9.712 |
-- |
(2,419) |
(3,063) |
(9) |
(711) |
(18,281) |
(69) |
(24) | |
Khanapur |
1,195.847 |
1,016.571 |
103.600 |
679.063 |
12,707.950 |
1,005.240 |
310.799 |
-- |
8.094 |
(2,955) |
(2,512) |
(256) |
(1,678) |
(31,402) |
(2,484) |
(768) |
(20) | |
Walwa |
1,320.895 |
659.233 |
8.498 |
65.154 |
8,739.599 |
111.693 |
3.642 |
4.047 |
302.705 |
(3,264) |
(1,629) |
(21) |
(161) |
(21,596) |
(276) |
(9) |
(10) |
(748) | |
Shirala |
577.082 |
320.106 |
20.234 |
853.887 |
10,964.562 |
1,551.566 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
(1,426) |
(791) |
(50) |
(2,110) |
(27,094) |
(3,834) | |
Miraj |
264.664 |
330.628 |
3.237 |
120.192 |
6,457.574 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
19.829 |
(654) |
(817) |
(8) |
(297) |
(15,95) |
(49) | |
Jath |
2.023 |
29.947 |
1.214 |
19.020 |
2,149.287 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
(5) |
(74) |
(3) |
(47) |
(5,311) |
Figures in brackets show area in acres.
TABLE No. 38—contd.
|
Tnluka |
Non-Food Crops—contd. |
|
Indian Hemp |
Fodder crops |
Miscellaneous non-food crops |
Total non-food crops |
Total area under irrigated crops |
|
(1) |
(20) |
(21) |
(22) |
(23) |
(24) |
|
Tasgaon |
-- |
122.620 |
25.495 |
185.751 |
7,583.815 |
(303) |
(63) |
(459) |
(18,740) |
|
Khanapur |
-- |
292.588 |
16.997 |
1,633.717 |
14.341.667 |
(723) |
(42) |
(4,037) |
(35,439) |
|
Walwa |
-- |
815.037 |
793.184 |
2,030.309 |
10,769.908 |
(2,014) |
(1,960) |
(5,017) |
(26,613) |
|
Shirala |
-- |
1,115.719 |
151.352 |
2,818.638 |
13,779.558 |
(2,757) |
(374) |
(6,965) |
(34,050) |
|
Miraj |
262.236 |
157.827 |
169.563 |
609.457 |
7,067.031 |
(648) |
(390) |
(419) |
(1,506) |
(17,463) |
|
Jath |
-- |
10.117 |
33.184 |
43.301 |
2,192 589 |
(25) |
(82) |
(107) |
(5,418) |
Figures in brackets show area in acres.
|
